SUMMARY OF THE IMPRINTING PROCESS AND REFERENCES (cont)
SPECIFICATIONS FOR SEEDING IMPRINTERS 1. Imprint geometric shape: V-shaped trough. 2. Imprint top shape: Rectangular almost square. 3. Imprint top area: About one square foot. 4. Imprint length: 10 inches. 5. Imprint top width: 6 to 12 inches. 6. Imprint end spacing: 2 to 3 inches. 7. Imprint side top spacing: 2 to 3 inches. 8. Imprint depth: 4 to 7 inches. 9. Imprint pattern: staggered (Fig. 5). 10. Imprinter teeth: Ten-inch lengths square cut from 6"x6" or 8"x8" steel angle. 11. Imprinting roller length: 3 feet up to a 10-foot maximum in one-foot increments. 12. Roller core diameter: 20-inch minimum. 13. Imprinting pressure: Adjustable from 15 to 30 pounds per square inch ( psi ). 14. Seeder Design: Seed agitating and discharge mechanism uniformly distributes trashy or fluffy seed mixes of native species just in front of the imprinting roller at the prescribed rate per acre. Notes a. See Table 1 for the six categories of imprinting rollers which satisfy the first twelve specifications, listed above. b. Land imprinter should be loaded enough to produce full-tooth imprints. Deeply compacted soils should be ripped before imprinting. c. Imprinter seed sometime during the fall months preferably following the first good rain but before the ground freezes. d. Native seed mixes for ecological restoration should include early, mid and late successional species with at least one-fourth by weight being the seeds of early seral or pioneer species. Also include a cool season annual to provide quick cover for erosion control. e. Conversion factors: 1 inch = 2.54 cm, 1 foot = 30 cm, 1 psi = 6.90 KPa Diagramatic overhead view of one-foot square imprints. Arrows pointing to narrow line signifies resource funneling into imprint trough. Broad lines represent dikes that separate adjacent imprints. Pattern shown represents about one revolution of a standard 6-foot imprinting roller. REFERENCES Belsky , A.J., A. Matzke and S. Uselman . 1999. "Survey of Livestock Influences on Stream and Riparian Ecosystems in the Western United States ." J. Soil & Water Cons . 54 (1): 419-431. Buchman , S.L. and G. P. Nabhan . 1996. The Forgotten Pollinators. Island Press, Covelo , CA 292 pgs. Chevallier , A. 1996. The Encyclopedia of Medicinal Plants . D.K. Publishing Inc. New York , NY . 336 pgs. Daily, G.C. 1997. Nature's Services: Societal Dependence on Natural Ecosystems . Island Press, Covelo , CA 392 pgs. Dixon , R.M. 1980. "Land Imprinter." U.S. Patent No. 4185655. U.S. Patent Office, Washington , D.C. Dixon , R.M. 1995. "Water Infiltration Control at the Soil Surface: Theory and Practice". J. Soil & Water Cons . 50(5): 450-453. Dixon , R.M. and A.B. Carr 1997. "Infiltration Regulation for Erosion Control: Principles and Practices". Proc. Conference 28, International Erosion Control Association , February, p. 153-164. Dixon , R.M. and A.B. Carr 1998. Land Imprinting for Restoring Vegetation in the Desert Southwest. Annual Conference on Ecosystems Restoration and Creation. Hillsborough Community College , Institute of Florida Studies, 14-15 May, Tampa , Florida . IN PRESS. Dregne ,H.E . 1978 " Desertification:Man's Abuse of the Land" J. Soil & Water Cons . 33: 11-14. Duke, J.A. 1997. The Green Pharmacy . Rodale Press, Inc., Emmaus , PA 617 pgs. Gliessman , S.R. 1998. Agroecology : Ecological Processes in Sustainable Agriculture . Ann Arbor Press, Chelsea , MI 357 pgs. Lowdermilk , W.C. 1935. "Man Made Deserts." Pacific Affairs 8(4): 409-419. Savory, A. 1988. Holistic Resource Management . Island Press, Covelo , CA . St.John ,T . 1998." Mycorrhizal Inoculation in Habitat Restoration". Land & Water .42( 5):17-19. St.John , T. , R.M . Dixon and M.St . John. 1997. "Restoring Arizona 's Discovery Park . Hortus West 8(2): 16-17, 56-59 & 107. Wolf, E.C. 1987. On the Brink of Extinction: Conserving the Diversity of Life . Worldwatch Institute, Paper 78, 54 pgs.
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SUMMARY OF THE IMPRINTING PROCESS AND REFERENCES (cont)
SPECIFICATIONS FOR SEEDING IMPRINTERS 1. Imprint geometric shape: V-shaped trough. 2. Imprint top shape: Rectangular almost square. 3. Imprint top area: About one square foot. 4. Imprint length: 10 inches. 5. Imprint top width: 6 to 12 inches. 6. Imprint end spacing: 2 to 3 inches. 7. Imprint side top spacing: 2 to 3 inches. 8. Imprint depth: 4 to 7 inches. 9. Imprint pattern: staggered (Fig. 5). 10. Imprinter teeth: Ten-inch lengths square cut from 6"x6" or 8"x8" steel angle. 11. Imprinting roller length: 3 feet up to a 10-foot maximum in one-foot increments. 12. Roller core diameter: 20-inch minimum. 13. Imprinting pressure: Adjustable from 15 to 30 pounds per square inch ( psi ). 14. Seeder Design: Seed agitating and discharge mechanism uniformly distributes trashy or fluffy seed mixes of native species just in front of the imprinting roller at the prescribed rate per acre. Notes a. See Table 1 for the six categories of imprinting rollers which satisfy the first twelve specifications, listed above. b. Land imprinter should be loaded enough to produce full-tooth imprints. Deeply compacted soils should be ripped before imprinting. c. Imprinter seed sometime during the fall months preferably following the first good rain but before the ground freezes. d. Native seed mixes for ecological restoration should include early, mid and late successional species with at least one-fourth by weight being the seeds of early seral or pioneer species. Also include a cool season annual to provide quick cover for erosion control. e. Conversion factors: 1 inch = 2.54 cm, 1 foot = 30 cm, 1 psi = 6.90 KPa Diagramatic overhead view of one-foot square imprints. Arrows pointing to narrow line signifies resource funneling into imprint trough. Broad lines represent dikes that separate adjacent imprints. Pattern shown represents about one revolution of a standard 6-foot imprinting roller. REFERENCES Belsky , A.J., A. Matzke and S. Uselman . 1999. "Survey of Livestock Influences on Stream and Riparian Ecosystems in the Western United States ." J. Soil & Water Cons . 54 (1): 419-431. Buchman , S.L. and G. P. Nabhan . 1996. The Forgotten Pollinators. Island Press, Covelo , CA 292 pgs. Chevallier , A. 1996. The Encyclopedia of Medicinal Plants . D.K. Publishing Inc. New York , NY . 336 pgs. Daily, G.C. 1997. Nature's Services: Societal Dependence on Natural Ecosystems . Island Press, Covelo , CA 392 pgs. Dixon , R.M. 1980. "Land Imprinter." U.S. Patent No. 4185655. U.S. Patent Office, Washington , D.C. Dixon , R.M. 1995. "Water Infiltration Control at the Soil Surface: Theory and Practice". J. Soil & Water Cons . 50(5): 450-453. Dixon , R.M. and A.B. Carr 1997. "Infiltration Regulation for Erosion Control: Principles and Practices". Proc. Conference 28, International Erosion Control Association , February, p. 153-164. Dixon , R.M. and A.B. Carr 1998. Land Imprinting for Restoring Vegetation in the Desert Southwest. Annual Conference on Ecosystems Restoration and Creation. Hillsborough Community College , Institute of Florida Studies, 14-15 May, Tampa , Florida . IN PRESS. Dregne ,H.E . 1978 " Desertification:Man's Abuse of the Land" J. Soil & Water Cons . 33: 11-14. Duke, J.A. 1997. The Green Pharmacy . Rodale Press, Inc., Emmaus , PA 617 pgs. Gliessman , S.R. 1998. Agroecology : Ecological Processes in Sustainable Agriculture . Ann Arbor Press, Chelsea , MI 357 pgs. Lowdermilk , W.C. 1935. "Man Made Deserts." Pacific Affairs 8(4): 409-419. Savory, A. 1988. Holistic Resource Management . Island Press, Covelo , CA . St.John ,T . 1998." Mycorrhizal Inoculation in Habitat Restoration". Land & Water .42( 5):17-19. St.John , T. , R.M . Dixon and M.St . John. 1997. "Restoring Arizona 's Discovery Park . Hortus West 8(2): 16-17, 56-59 & 107. Wolf, E.C. 1987. On the Brink of Extinction: Conserving the Diversity of Life . Worldwatch Institute, Paper 78, 54 pgs.
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